Climate change is a global challenge that affects everyone, but also requires local solutions that are tailored to the specific needs and contexts of different communities. Around the world, many communities are taking action to adapt to the impacts of climate change, as well as to reduce their greenhouse gas emissions and enhance their resilience. Here are some examples of how local communities are embracing sustainable practices to combat climate change.
Ecosystem-based adaptation in Cambodia
Cambodia is a country that relies heavily on rice production for its food security and economic stability. However, the country is facing extreme droughts and floods due to climate change, which threaten to destroy vital crops and livelihoods. To cope with this challenge, a project led by the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) has introduced ecosystem-based adaptation measures, such as distributing drought-tolerant rice seeds, improving rice storage techniques, and restoring degraded forests. These measures have helped to improve soil productivity, prevent erosion, and increase the yield and quality of rice. The project has also enhanced the capacity of local farmers and authorities to manage natural resources and cope with climate risks.
Artificial intelligence tools for disaster prevention and response
Artificial intelligence (AI) and digital tools are increasingly being used to predict and limit the impacts of climate emergencies, such as floods, wildfires, and heatwaves. For example, in Japan, an AI system developed by IBM and the Weather Company sends natural disaster alerts to millions of people, based on real-time data and weather forecasts. The system also provides guidance on evacuation routes and shelters, as well as information on recovery and reconstruction. In the Amazon, an AI platform called PreSeries uses satellite imagery and machine learning to monitor deforestation and alert authorities and communities of illegal logging activities. In China, AI and big data are being used to design greener, smarter cities that can reduce energy consumption, improve air quality, and optimize traffic flows.
Sponge farming in Zanzibar
Zanzibar is an island in Tanzania that is facing the effects of sea-level rise and extreme weather events, such as cyclones. These effects pose a threat to the coastal communities that depend on fishing and tourism for their income. To adapt to this situation, some Zanzibari women have learned how to swim and farm natural sponges, which are resilient to climate shocks and can provide a sustainable source of income. The sponge farming project, supported by UNEP and the Marinecultures organization, also helps to conserve the marine ecosystem and biodiversity, as sponges filter the water and provide habitats for other sea creatures.
Wind-powered cargo ships
Shipping is one of the most carbon-intensive sectors in the world, accounting for about 3% of global greenhouse gas emissions. To reduce the environmental impact of maritime transport, a Swedish company called Oceanbird is designing a futuristic wind-powered cargo ship that can carry up to 7,000 cars across the Atlantic Ocean. The ship, which is expected to be operational by 2024, will use four giant wing sails that can harness the wind and reduce fuel consumption by up to 90%. The ship will also have a backup engine that can run on renewable fuels, such as biofuels or hydrogen.
Community-led solar projects in Africa
Access to electricity is a key factor for development and poverty reduction, but many rural communities in Africa lack reliable and affordable power sources. To address this gap, several community-led solar projects have emerged across the continent, providing clean and renewable energy to millions of people. For example, in Kenya, a social enterprise called M-KOPA has installed more than 500,000 solar home systems that can power lights, radios, TVs, and phones, using a pay-as-you-go model that is accessible to low-income households. In Uganda, a non-profit organization called Solar Sister has trained and supported more than 5,000 women entrepreneurs to sell and distribute solar products in their communities, empowering them economically and socially. In Ghana, a company called PEG Africa has partnered with local farmers to install solar-powered irrigation pumps that can increase crop yields and incomes, while saving water and reducing emissions.